Gotō (後藤, 五藤, 五島), also spelled Gotou or Gotoh, is a Japanese surname. People with the name include:

Artists

• Jin Goto (born 1968), Japanese nihonga painter
• John Goto (born 1949), British artist known for his montage color photography
• Joseph Goto (1920–1994), American sculptor
• Keiichirō Gotō (1918–2004), Japanese photographer
• Goto Yujo (1440–1512), Japanese artisan and sword fitting maker

Film, television, and video games

• Hirohito Gotō (born 1969), Japanese television and stage director
• Hiroki Gotō (born 1985), Japanese voice actor
• Hiroyuki Goto (born 1973), Japanese game designer and pi reciter
• Keiji Gotoh (born 1968), Japanese anime director
• Kenji Goto (1967–2015), Japanese freelance video journalist
• Mai Goto (voice actress) (born 1982), Japanese voice actress
• Risa Goto (born 1983), Japanese actress and gravure idol
• Saori Gotō (born 1987), Japanese voice actress
• Satoshi Goto (born 1971), Japanese voice actor
• Tetsuo Gotō (1950–2018), Japanese voice actor
• Yūko Gotō (born 1975), Japanese voice actress
• Terumoto Gotō (born 1974), Japanese comedian, member of the duo Football Hour
• Toshio Gotō (born 1938), Japanese film director

Musicians

• Kumiko Goto (born 1971), Japanese singer
• Maki Goto (born 1985), Japanese singer in Hello!Project
• Mariko Gotō, 21st-century Japanese singer
• Masafumi Gotoh (born 1976), member of the Japanese rock band Asian Kung-Fu Generation
• Midori Gotō (born 1971), Japanese-born American violinist
• Ryu Gotō (born 1988), Japanese-American violinist
• Suguru Goto, 21st-century Japanese composer and new media artist
• Tsugutoshi Gotō (後藤 次利, born 1952), Japanese musician
• Yukari Goto (後藤 友香里, born 1988), Japanese singer and voice actress

Government

• Fumio Gotō (1884–1980), Japanese politician and theoretician
• Hitoshi Goto (born 1957), Japanese politician, governor of Yamanashi Prefecture
• Gotō Morinori (1840–1875), Japanese daimyō of Fukue Domain in what is now Nagasaki Prefecture
• Gotō Shinpei (1857–1929), Japanese statesman and cabinet member
• Gotō Shōjirō (1838–1897), Japanese politician and leader of the Freedom and People's Rights Movement
• Shigeyuki Goto (born 1955), Japanese politician, Liberal Democratic Party member of the House of Representatives

Military and samurai

• Aritomo Gotō (1888–1942), Imperial Japanese Navy admiral during World War II
• Eiji Gotō (1887–1967), Imperial Japanese Navy admiral during World War II
• Jūrō Gotō (1887–1984), Imperial Japanese Army major general during the Second Sino-Japanese War
• Fusanosuke Gotō (1879–1924), Imperial Japanese Army soldier
• Gotō Mototsugu (1565–1615), Japanese samurai who served the Kuroda and Toyotomi clans
• Goto Nobuyasu (1556–1612), Japanese samurai who served the Uesugi clan

Sportspeople

• Ai Goto (born 1983), Japanese badminton player
• Ayumi Goto (born 1993), Japanese figure skater
• Daiki Goto (後藤 大輝, born 1996), Japanese footballer
• Hideko Goto (後藤 英子), Japanese table tennis player
• Hirooki Goto (born 1979), Japanese professional wrestler
• Kanoko Goto (後藤 鹿子, born 1975), Japanese cross-country skier
• Keita Goto (footballer) (born 1986), Japanese footballer
• Michi Goto (born 1990), Japanese football forward
• Mitsutaka Goto (born 1978), Japanese baseball infielder
• Ryo Goto (born 1986), Japanese football forward
• Shunta Gotoh (born 1993), Japanese baseball outfielder
• Tadaharu Goto (born 1941), Japanese swimmer
• Takasuke Goto (後藤 崇介, born 1985), Japanese footballer
• Tarzan Goto (born Seiji Gotō, 1963), Japanese professional wrestler
• Tatsutoshi Goto (born 1956), Japanese professional wrestler
• Teruya Goto (born 1991), Japanese rugby sevens player
• Toru Goto (born 1934), Japanese freestyle swimmer
• Yoshikazu Goto (born 1964), Japanese football midfielder
• Yuji Goto (born 1985), Japanese football midfielder
• Yukio Goto (died 1976), Japanese football defender
• Yusuke Goto (born 1993), Japanese football forward

Writers

• Ben Goto (born 1929), Japanese documentarist and novelist
• Cassern "Multilaser" Goto (born 1970), American science fiction writer
• Gotō Chūgai (1866–1938), Japanese essayist, novelist and literary critic
• Hiromi Goto (born 1966), Japanese-born Canadian fantasy novelist
• Meisei Goto (1932–1999), Japanese novelist

Other

• Eiichi Goto (1931–2005), Japanese computer scientist
• Gotō Zuigan (1879–1965), Japanese Buddhist Rinzai Zen master
• Katsu Goto (1862–1889), Japanese merchant, interpreter, and lynching victim
• Kazushige Goto, Japanese software engineer known for hand-optimized assembly routines
• Keita Gotō (industrialist) (1882–1959), Japanese businessman, founder of the Tokyu Group
• Kumiko Goto-Azuma, Japanese Antarctic palaeoclimatologist and glaciologist
• Seitarō Gotō (1867–1935), Japanese zoologist and parasitologist
• Tadamasa Goto (born 1942), yakuza boss

In fiction

• Goto Dengo, a character in the novel Cryptonomicon
• Gabriel Goto, a minor character in the Baroque cycle
• Kasumi Goto (Voiced by Kym Hoy), a character from the video game franchise Mass Effect
• The Goto Family, a powerful yakuza family from The Raid 2
  • Hideaki Goto (Kenichi Endō), yakuza boss, father of Keiichi Goto and head of Goto Family
  • Keiichi Goto (Ryuhei Matsuda), son of Hideaki Goto and heir of Goto Family
• Tojiro Goto (Ryousuke Kawamura), a character from the Kamen Rider Fourze
• Gotō Matabei (Voiced by Shinichirō Miki), a character of vídeo game Sengoku Basara 4
• Gotou (Voiced by Kazuhiko Inoue in Japanese and Jason Douglas in English for Anime and played by Tadanobu Asano in the Live-action), the main antagonist of Parasyte franchise.
• Shinichi Goto, the main protagonist from Old Boy.
• Jun Gotō (Voiced by Yuko Ono), one of main protagonists from Angel's 3Piece!
• Moka Gotō (Voiced by Anzu Haruno), one of main characters from Clean Freak! Aoyama kun.
• Hidenori Gotō (Voiced by Tomokazu Sugita), one of main characters from Samurai Flamenco.
• Ren Goto (Voiced by Kazuki Shimizu in Japanese and Chris Smith in English), a character from K Project.
• Kosei Goto (Voiced by Tokuyoshi Kawashima), a character from Giant Killing.
• Takuya Gotou (Voiced by Kenjiro Tsuda), a character from Sound! Euphonium.
• Shintaro Goto (Asaya Kimijima), one of main characters from Kamen Rider OOO.
• Hitori Gotō (Voiced by Yoshino Aoyama), one of main characters from Bocchi the Rock!